Twitter: An Antidote to Election Day Voting Problems?

iStock_000007022153XSmallWe know. It sounds ridiculous at first. But it might not be as crazy as you think.

Why not? Well, here’s what we’re thinking. We all know that American elections can be messy affairs. As longtime online organizer Jon Pincus recently noted, "voter suppression relies to a large extent on information asymmetry." That imbalance, if not corrected for, can create just enough hoops that discourage all but the most motivated among us from jumping through them on our way to voting. From voter caging to misleading fliers to faulty machinery to the long waits exacerbated by poorly trained poll workers, it's often a lack of knowing that jams up the process.

And for far too long, the job of election protection has fallen largely to lawyers schooled in election law. But there's an opportunity before us right now and through Election Day for thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of citizens to identify and rectify voting problems in real time.

Enter Twitter. In its few years of existence Twitter has proven amazingly adept at one thing: empowering its users to move around 140-character-or-less chunks around quickly and agilely. How Twitter is being used for political ends is constantly evolving. And while Twitter is easiest to use on the Web, it's a one-to-one and one-to-many and many-to-many communications powerhouse available to anyone with a cell phone in his or her pocket. That's powerful, potentially game-changing stuff.

We believe that Twitter can be instrumental in this election in correcting for some of the information imbalances that plagues American elections:

  • Empowering Self-Organized Volunteers: Much of Twitter's power comes from its simplicity. It's inherently flexible. As problems pop up, as they do every election, volunteers and activists can organize on the fly to quickly get information out. A few weeks ago, college kids in Virginia's Montgomery Country were startled to find a misleading notice telling them that voting in that state might jeopardize their student loans and scholarships. Chaos ensued. A second ominous notice from the county made things worse. Any enterprising young politico could have jumped into Twitter, created a @collegevoters account, and become the instant information hub.
  • Sharing Patterns: As the saying goes, once is a fluke. Twice might be a coincidence. But three times is a pattern. Joe Voter might be mildly irked when his ballot is rejected for not matching up with the newly-mandated statewide voter databases. But it goes from irked to real problem when it's happening to his neighbors in nearby precincts and counties. In Wisconsin recently, database troubles prevented election judges from voting during a test run. The state later suspended use of the database, but other states won't find out there's trouble until Election Day. Savvy volunteers watching the polls on election could tag Twitter posts with a pre-determined hashtag -- #NJHAVAmatch, for example. Tracking that feed is an easy way to track the pattern of missteps and malfunctions.
  • Serving as Mobile Legal Aide: On election day, questions arise. Should the local Republican/Democratic party bigwig really be sharing a cup of coffee and a donut with the chief election judge? How far back from the polls can we insist campaign pamphleteers stay? They're asking anyone with a Hispanic last name for ID -- is that okay? This is the time to call in the lawyers! Twitter can either work as a private chat line or a broadcast service. A volunteer with a sensitive inquiry about, say, a particular person's case could "direct message" @DNClegal to ask for guidance. Someone wanting her question to @RNClegal to be heard (along with its answer) by anyone in his Twitter can simply make it public.
  • Smart Routing Around Resource Gaps: When you wanted to know how long the lines were at New York City Apple stories during the release of new iPhone 3G, the Apple website, the place to go wasn't the local TV new or CNN or even blogs -- it was Twitter. In 2004, the uneven distribution of voting equipment that hampered voting in so many precincts in Ohio and elsewhere was compounded by the fact that voters tend to swarm, showing up at the polls at the same time. Ohio has started early voting this time around, but the lines are still sometimes long. On election day, Twitter can help monitor the wait times at polling places -- information that clever local news outlets would well serve their audiences by then broadcasting out.

There are obvious reasons why Twitter won't work as an antidote to all of our election troubles. And there's the ever-present risk of the Fail Whale making an appearance. That charming cartoon that alerted users to a downed system was far too familiar in the service's early days. That said, Twitter has been markedly more stable in recent months. (Though not, alas, without problems.) And tens of millions of Americans will be casting ballots at over 200,000 polling places on November 4th, making the monitoring of events nationwide overwhelming.

However, there is an intersection of heavy voting registration (coinciding with large number of young voters) in battleground precincts in Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina Ohio and Colorado where Twitter can best be put to use to direct Tweeters to specific information or actions in specific election districts.

So, let’s begin. To get the ball rolling, we’re suggesting one standardized format for hashtagging election protection tweets to use as voting registration is drawing to a close in most states and early voting is starting. It goes like this: [state] + [first four letters of the county] + [precinct, if known]. So, in downtown Cleveland, for example, the hashtag would be #OHCuya07. Of course, that format won’t work for every election problem. But we know the web can come up with something.

(Thanks to Jon Pincus, Slate's Christopher Beam, The Progressive States Networks, and others for ideas and inspiration.)

Comments

Excellent suggestion!

I added it to the in-progress organization/communication structure page on the wiki. What volume of tweets and searches do you think twitter's likely to be able to handle on election day? Putting my computer security hat on for a minute, one thing to keep in mind is the possibility of people trying to interfere with communications -- see for example Myrna the Mynx' Political Activism on Twitter: The Story of #dontgo description of a "counter-insurgency" by progressives targetting a conservative pro-drilling activism campaign. So as a supplement to the open channel, it'll also be important to have "trusted" accounts for people to follow. I'm trying to interest some computer security people in "threat-modeling" this ... jon

Interference

Hey, Jon. So good to hear from you. Thanks for the link to Myrna's post on #dontgo, as I hadn't seen it and it points to one of the more obvious hurdles to using Twitter to do election protection -- sabotage, or to put it less sinisterly, interference. There's hope, though. First there's the question of profile -- would a hashtag limited to, say, one precinct or campus necessarily attract enough attention to provoke mucking with it? And the second has to do with filtering. I recently read something from David All about how, if I recall correctly, he solved the problem of managing off-topic tweets that flow into Pork Parade. Alas, been having trouble finding where I read that, but I'm hopeful that some good minds working on the problem might be able to at least manage it.

As for what Twitter can handle, downtime has been minimal of late. And they built an Election 08 subsite based on election-related tweets, which I think can be taken as a show of confidence.

Re: Interference

Nancy, It's certainly an interesting topic, and I'm not at all suggesting that we should give up on using Twitter -- really just that we should think about things up front and prepare defenses. The "threat modelling" I talked about is a structured way of thinking through potential threats and responses. If I were thinking of interfering with a system like this, I'd look at things nationally, rather than just in terms of an individual precinct or campus. There are probably likely to be ten thousand or more reports of incidents spread across the country; injecting a steady stream of false incidents into this could make it much harder to separate the wheat from the chaff. Or imagine fake updates being broadcast: "polling hours extended! machines down at X, don't bother to vote!" etc. (This is a place where "trusted updates" could be a lot more important.) Of course a system doesn't have to be perfectly secure to be useful. One of the keys here would be to make sure that any attackers know that they're likely to be caught (and yeah, that's part of the reason I think it would be good to get computer security types in with the analysis). jon

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